SCHOOL REFUSAL IN CHILDREN
School refusal is a child-motivated refusal to attend school or difficulty remaining in course for the entire day. Child-motivated absenteeism occurs autonomously, by the volition of their child. This behaviour is distinguished from non-child-motivated absences where parents that take children from school or keep them home, or circumstances like homelessness. School refusal is characterized by psychological distress at the time of attending faculty and school attendance problems.
School refusal behavior has no single cause. Instead it’s a wide selection of contributing factors which have the patient, family, school, and neighborhood. These variables may be split into four primary classes: a)avoidance of school‐based stimulation which cause adverse effect, b)avoidance of stressful social or evaluative scenarios c)the pursuit of focus from significant others, d)pursuit concrete reinforcers outside of school.
SYMPTOMS
>>School refusal behavior is a heterogeneous behaviour characterized by a number of internalizing and externalizing symptoms.
>>Internalizing symptoms comprise stress , social withdrawal, tiredness , anxiety , or depression.
>>Muddled ideas based on hallucinations or delusions
>>Kids may also have complaints of somatic symptoms such as headaches, stomachaches, or even a sore throat
CAUSES OF SCHOOL REFUSAL
The beginning of school refusal can be abrupt or slow. In cases of abrupt start, denial often starts after a span of valid absence. The issue may start following holidays, school holidays, or short illness. It may also happen after a stressful event, like moving to another home, or the passing of a relative or pet. Gradual beginning emerges over time as a couple of sporadically missed days turned into a routine of non-attendance.
–Preventing school‐based stimuli that Excite negative affectivity,
–escaping aversive social or evaluative Scenarios
–chasing attention from others
–pursuing concrete rewards outside of school. Categories one and two refer to school denial inspired by negative reinforcement. Categories four and three signify refusal for favorable.
